free law

  Introduction The  Equal Remuneration Act, 1976  is an important legislation in India that prohibits discrimination in terms of remuneration on the grounds of gender. It means the Act ensures equal pay for men and women for the same or similar work. The Equal Remuneration Act of 1976 was enacted by the Indian Parliament on February 11, 1976, with an aim “to provide for the payment of equal remuneration to men and women workers and for the prevention of discrimination, on the ground of sex, against women in the matter in the matter of employment and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.” It extends to the whole of India including all establishments either public or private sectors (employing ten or more persons). By promoting gender equality in remuneration, the act seeks to establish fair and just working conditions for all employees, regardless of their gender. Also, it prohibits discrimination made by employers against women in matters of recruitment, training, prom

  Introduction The Prevention of Corruption Act of 1988 is a crucial legislation enacted by the Indian Parliament, it came into effect on September 09, 1988, to combat corruption and promote integrity in public administration. In the pre-1988 era, India lacked a comprehensive law specifically targeting corruption. The absence of a robust legal framework hindered the effective prosecution of corrupt individuals and fostered a culture of impunity. Recognizing the need to address this pressing issue, the Indian government enacted the Prevention of Corruption Act of 1988 to provide a specialized legal framework for combating corruption. With the enactment of this Act, the provisions of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1947 (which acted as a model for its enactment) were consolidated. The Act defines corruption and its various forms, including bribery, abuse of power, and illicit enrichment. It covers public servants, both in the government and public sector undertakings, who engage in cor

  Introduction In India, the dowry system has a long history that dates back centuries. It is a traditional practice in some cultures, including India, where the bride’s family provides gifts, money, or property to the groom or his family at the time of marriage. While hearing the S. Gopal Reddy vs. the State of A.P. case, Justice Dr. AS Anand held that “The curse of dowry has been raising its ugly head every now and then but the evil has been flourishing beyond imaginable proportions. It was to curb this evil, that led the Parliament to enact The Dowry Prohibition Act in 1961.” According to  Section 2  of the Dowry Prohibition Act, ‘dowry’ means “any property or valuable security given or agreed to be given either directly or indirectly (a) by one party to a marriage to the other party to the marriage; or (b) by the parent of either party to a marriage or by any other person, to either party to the marriage or to any other person, at or before [or any time after the marriage] [in conn

Hindu Law of Succession and Muslim Law of Succession are two different and vast legal systems that primarily govern the overall process of inheritance and succession of property among Hindus and Muslims, respectively. While both systems have evolved over centuries and incorporate various regional and cultural variations, there are key differences between Hindu and Muslim law of succession. This article provides a brief discussion of key differences between the Hindu and Muslim Law of Succession. Hindu Succession Law In India, the inheritance and succession of property among Hindus (including Sikhs, Jains, and Buddhists) is governed by the Hindu Succession Law. Under the law, a Hindu man’s property is distributed among his immediate family members equally, including his wife, children, and grandchildren. In the absence of children, the property is shared by the wife, mother, and siblings. The history of Hindu Succession Law has witnessed several significant changes. Prior to 1956, Hindu

Introduction The criminal justice system is a complex web of procedures, laws, and principles designed to ensure fairness, justice, and protection of innocents. Central to this system are two crucial elements: alibis and witnesses. Both play pivotal roles in the process of establishing facts and determining guilt or innocence, but they serve distinct functions. In this article, we delve into the  key differences between an alibi and a witness , exploring their roles, significance, and impact in legal proceedings. Part I: Alibi — The Defense’s Shield An alibi is a powerful legal defense strategy employed in criminal trials. At its core, it aims to provide evidence that the defendant was not present at the scene of the crime when it occurred. The term ‘Alibi’, as it is, is neither defined in the Indian Penal Code nor the Indian Evidence Act, 1872. It was recognized as a Rule of evidence under Section 11 of the Indian Evidence Act. Along with this,  Section 103  of the Indian Evidence Act